Skip to main content

Bioinstrumentation EKG


            Electrocardiograms (EKG or ECG) are utilized by doctors and surgeons to measure the electrical activity of the heart. Electrocardiography is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart using electrodes placed on the skin (Goldberger, Goldberger & Shvilkin, 2017). Our hearts are polarized when at rest due to excess of sodium ions outside the membrane, which correlates to a resting potential of about 90 mV. Muscle stimulation tends to enhance the permeability of the membranes to the sodium ions. The entry of the sodium ions to the membrane affects the electrical field around the muscular cells thereby causing an action potential and muscle contraction (D’Souza et al., 2014). The ions such as potassium, calcium, and chlorine are also involved in the process and the electrodes placed on the skin surface record a sum of the action potentials. The signal generated is graphed in the form of an electrocardiogram (EKG) to show cardiac electric potential. There can be various deflections in the EKG waveforms corresponding to the contraction of various areas of the heart (Muhrbeck, Persson & Hofman-Bang, 2018). Each of the cycles made is represented by a P wave, a GRS complex, and a T wave. P wave is the analogy for the depolarization of the atria, and the QRS complex represents the depolarization of the ventricles. T wave correspond the re-polarization of the ventricles as shown in the figure below. 



            The purpose of the lab is to find out the changes in heart rate between resting and after physical activity through the measurement of the QRS interval, P-R interval, and Q-T interval (electrical activities) and the average resting maximum amplitude and heart rate. The information generated from the lab report will be essential to future practice using electrocardiography.    


References
D’Souza, A., Bucchi, A., Johnsen, A. B., Logantha, S. J. R., Monfredi, O., Yanni, J., ... & Dobryznski, H. (2014). Exercise training reduces resting heart rate via downregulation of the funny channel HCN4: Nature communications, 5, 3775
Goldberger, A. L., Goldberger, Z. D., & Shvilkin, A. (2017). Clinical Electrocardiography: A Simplified Approach E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences
Muhrbeck, J., Persson, J., & Hofman-Bang, C. (2018). Catheterization laboratory activations and time intervals for patients with pre-hospital ECGs: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, 1-6.




Sherry Roberts is the author of this paper. A senior editor at MeldaResearch.Com in legitimate custom writing services Texas. If you need a similar paper you can place your order from research paper writing service Florida services.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Essay Writer in Ohio

Are you looking to hire online essay writer? we offer the best essay writing help service.Hire our professional essay writers and stand to earn unimaginable grades on your transcript.
3 comments
Read more

Norm Violation

The norm I choose to violate in my norm violation assignment is eating with my mouth wide open and producing sounds as I chew. Eating with your mouth open and producing sound is considered deviant behavior I decided to break this norm in one of the restaurants in Minnesota. After the church service, I went to the restaurant with some of my friends from the church youth group for a meal ensuring that I did not inform them of my assignment. Ensuring that I was the only person knowing about the assignment was the best way to receive the most genuine reaction from my friends. The moment I arrived the restaurant I immediately notice a number of social norms being followed by every customer at the restaurant. They were all well groomed, eating appropriately. Everyone eating at the restaurant had a napkin on their lap and ate using silverware. The moment we walked the restaurant we had already broken some minor folkways since we were all dressed like college students. The impressio
Post a Comment
Read more

Federal domain

The federal government tends to manage millions of acres of the forest land in the country. However, there is the increasing pressure on agencies to permit different levels of commercial access to timber, water flow, and other resources. I believe that the government should have the absolute prohibition on commercial access. A company that claims to be ethical should not seek commercial access to the land. When following my perspective, it will allow the land to remain the way it is without any agencies depleting the land. The decision will also ensure that the country ensures safety for its wild animals, and there are no parties trying to destroy the natural resources. In case there is a working compromise from the companies, it will make it extremely hard for the federal government to restrict company’s access that wants more access to the land. The government must have an absolute prohibition on commercial access to the forest because maintaining the balance between the commerci
Post a Comment
Read more