Randomized controlled trail

Introduction

Randomized controlled trial therapeutic medicine selected is the Moxibustion drug applied for relieving pain in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. The paper provides a critical appraisal of Moxibustion on its main causes of use in managing and controlling menstrual pain (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). The study research evaluates effectiveness in the treatment as well as economic issues associated with the drugs. The scope of the study is restricted to evaluating the effectiveness of the drug. The study does not cover the efficiency of drug especially in encountering pain that occurs as a result of menstrual pain. The research study also analyzes the effects of drug especially on psychological effects during and after the treatment process. The main purpose of selecting the Moxibustion drug is to understand how menstruating woman can manage the effects excessive breeding as well release of endometrial prostaglandin. The purpose of the paper is to reduce the repeated monthly period complications that come as a result of uterine hypercontractility (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). The intended purpose is reducing uterine blood flow as well as managing and controlling an effect that triggers hypersensitive pain fibers.  I have selected this topic on Moxibustion since the complications during a menstrual period are more common in women and young girls during their puberty period. The effects of menstruation during puberty and later in the adulthood cause greater issues on human health. Considering the repetitive nature of women menstrual conditions and considering the quality of good life among women, women who encounter menstrual complications usually suffer from severe physiological and psychological symptoms thus influencing their quality of life and daily routines. Among young girls, several issues arise such as absenteeism from school classes (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). Such issues are some of the social and personal distress among women that have triggered to this study research.

Evaluation of Introduction Section

Aims 

1. The aim of study research is providing detailed supportive clinical evidence that Moxibustion is effective and efficient in the treatment of prostaglandin and induction of quick recovery from menstrual pain.
2. The study research majors at guaranteeing good and standing evidence through sampling individuals to prove the drug.
3. The study research focuses on using random participants as well as conventional drug control mechanism as well as a critical trial to verify and validate the effectiveness of Moxibustion.

Literature Review

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological drugs are one of the essential drugs for treating dysmenorrhea and relieving menstrual pain. Other optional drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and oral contraceptives are optional drugs that can be used in alleviating symptoms of prostaglandin. NSAID can be used in the treatment of prostaglandin and menstrual pains. However, the NSAID drugs are associated with strange adverse effects that encourage gastrointestinal disorders, nephrotoxic effects as well as hepatotoxic disorders (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). Another disadvantage of using NSAID drugs is the fact that they don’t prevent progressive effects of disease progression. Use of oral contraceptives continuously has shown a reduction in recurrence conditions such as dysmenorrhea, reduction in nonspecific pelvic pains, delayed presentation of dysmenorrhea as well as reducing effects of recurrent rate of endometrioma. However, women who discontinue taking the drugs experience radical recurrence revealing that protective nature of NSAID vanishes immediately after discontinuation (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). Moreover, NSAID drugs do not guarantee total relieving of menstrual pains for all women.

            An alternative solution involves the implementation of traditional medications as well as other medicines to certainly guarantee total treatment of prostaglandin and menstrual pains. Alternative measures that guarantee treatment of menstrual problems include the use of acupuncture, Tuina or massage, moxibustion among other treatment procedures. Treatment using moxibustion include a combination of both pharmacological and no pharmacological materials. The treatment process involves physical touch. The effectiveness of the therapy is caused by chemical stimulation and burning of Moxa. Heat stimulation from moxibustion is associated with activating inflammatory responses that lead to induction of vascular changes. According to systematic reviews, it is clear that moxibustion is effective in the treatment of dysmenorrhea and relieving menstrual pain.

Evaluation of Methods

Subjects

The sampling method applied involved random selection of participants where two different types of treatments were considered. The treatment strategies administered included moxibustion and conventional drug. Participants agreed to informed consent and all voluntarily availed themselves for the testing procedures. The population involved in sampling process from various universities. Ethical approvals were received from relevant authorities. The population involved included 2134 eligible participants were randomly selected and divided into control group, and group tested using moxibustion (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). The study was determined to analyze all sampled individuals, however, only 30 individuals whose blood was obtained to carry out the study. As a result of financial and economic challenges, the blood samples for all participants could not be obtained. The groups were selected by being given moxibustion and control drug at random. The treatment took place for exactly three months and then observations were made.

Apparatus / Instrumentation

The observations were later made through measuring menstrual pain intensity using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The comparisons on the pain intensity between moxibustion and pain killers were evaluated to come up with differences. Other conditions tested included defining me the intensity of pain in the serum compounds. The follow up of various testing were conducted for three months.  The major apparatus involved in the study process included apparatus and instrumentations such as Visual Analogue Scale to determining the levels of pain.

Control groups

Participants were allocated different groups at random through using a specific group ratio of 1: 1. Treatment strategies were organized such that various groups received different treatments. For example, a particular group was required to take ibuprofen. The group required taking moxibustion; they took two different TCM patterns such as diagnostic pattern 1 and diagnostic pattern 2 (Mingxiao et. al., 2017).  The participants received moxibustion drugs once per day for a session of seven days. The medication was taken for three sessions over a period of three menstrual cycles.

Subject Assignment

The individuals in various groups were characterized by individuals with histories of the regular menstrual cycle. The individuals required included people with a history of having three normal menstrual cycles. There were individuals who had experienced the pain of menstrual cycle from moderate to severe condition. However, patients with some conditions and criteria were excluded.  Patients having irregular menstrual cycles were excluded from the sample. Other excluded cases involved women in lactation, pregnant condition, or women planning to become pregnant within a year (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). Women who had taken NSAID or who had been treated with Moxibustion were eliminated from the study. All ethical issues such as informed consent and reasons why participants could not take part in the study were explained.

Treatment parameters

Individual participants in the control group were required to take fend for relieving pain as well as  0.3 grams of capsules after an hour for two days over a period of three menstrual cycles (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). Every session was initialized after a day of the menstrual cycle for three days. The time and quantity amount of pain killers were recorded as well.

Rosenthal & Hawthorn Effects

The study research was mainly based on the pragmatic trials. The analysis restrictions were based on the effectiveness of Moxibustion in treating menstrual pain. The study research did not analyze effects of the drug on psychological factors. The study failed to analyze the effects because there were no blind procedures or sham control.

Evaluation of the Results

            After the treatment follows up, the results obtained after patients were involved in the 1st month and 2nd month revealed that the intensity of menstrual pain measured using VAS reduced in the control group that used pain killers and NSAID drugs. However, in the group that used moxibustion, there was no significant reduction of pain noted. The differences from statistical analysis revealed (P<0.001). At the beginning of the 3rd month the both groups indicated corresponding changes in the reduction of menstrual pain. There were no significant differences in changes in pain experiences. Resulting statistical analysis revealed (0.07, 95%CI -0.38 to 0.52, P = 0.76) (Mingxiao et. al., 2017).  At the end of 3rd-month pain intensity measured from the participants taking moxibustion was significantly lower compared to that of the control group. The pain had reduced by far. The statistical analysis was as revealed p (-0.87, 95%CI -1.32 to -0.42, P<0.001). After the six months, the menstrual pain had completely stopped in the group treated using moxibustion. The results are as shown below. 

Selection Statistics

The time and efficiency of the moxibustion can lead to making inferences that reveal that moxibustion drug is more superior effective and efficient compared to other pain killers and NSAID drugs. Individuals can be recommended to use moxibustion instead of pain killers or NSAID drugs. Moxibustion is, therefore, the best drug that should be recommended for patients suffering from dysmenorrhea and relieving menstrual pain. The generalization made by the author is significant and statistically supported using statistical analysis.

   

Interpretation of Findings

In the first two months the impact of drugs on the pain had no much difference from each other. However the pain substantially decreased with increase with, treatment days. Three months after treatment with moxibustion, the group using the drug encountered reduction of menstrual pain between 1.29 to 1.06 days (Mingxiao et. al., 2017). The improvement experienced by the population that was used as control test experienced pain improvement almost immediately after taking the drugs.  However,  at the  end of three months pain persisted and  remained constant. The reduction of menstrual pains in the group taking moxibustion took a little longer to experience any changes in reduction of pain. However with time the effects  of pain reduced significantly and ceased to exist. The menstrual pains were no longer experienced among the group that took moxibustion. The observations shows that the pain killers and NSAID drugs reduces pains almost immediately but temporarily. On the other hand moxibustion takes a longer period before reduction of pain. However, after the reduction the pain is never experienced in progressing menstrual cycles.

Conclusion

The research study inferences and observations are valid many studies provide adequate support that shows that dysmenorrhea and relieving menstrual pain generally known as PD is not just a disease that concerns of uterus it can also cause other complications in the brain. The use of Moxibustion has been confirmed both by biological medical scientists as well as by scientists who deal with psychiatrist operations. Proved mechanisms where Moxibustion can be applied for treatment of menstrual pains since it regulates hypercontractivity of uterus during menstrual cycle. The study research has found out that Moxibustion drug can be used to solve a complication that occurs as a result of pain associated with abdominal complications during menstral cycle. Its influence is more significant after three months of treatment. Moxibustion is the best therapeutic drug that can be used especially for long term management of diseases and complications that occur as a result of endometrial prostaglandin. The analysis has shown positive attributes and altitudes that can promote the drug especially for complete acquisition of controlling and managing menstrual pain. The drug therefore guarantees economic support, for young ladies as well as beneficial in solving menstrual problems that can repeat over a series of period.  

References

Mingxiao Y.,  Xiangzhu C., Linna B., Lixing L., Jiao C. , Siyi Y.,  Zheng Y.,, Hongzhi T., Ling Y., Xi W., Jie Y., Fanrong L., (2017).Moxibustion for pain relief in patients with primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled trial

         

Sherry Roberts is the author of this paper. A senior editor at MeldaResearch.Com in affordable custom research papers. If you need a similar paper you can place your order from legitimate essay writing service services.